Which region of the ionosphere has little effect on bending the paths of high frequency radio waves?

The D layer of the ionosphere primarily affects radio wave propagation only at lower frequencies, typically below about 2 MHz. It is the lowest layer of the ionosphere and is composed of a relatively high concentration of ions and free electrons created by solar radiation. However, this layer is not as effective in bending or reflecting high frequency (HF) radio waves, which typically operate within the range of 3 to 30 MHz.

In contrast, the E layer and the two F layers (F1 and F2) have a more significant impact on higher frequency signals. The E layer can reflect HF waves, and the F layers, particularly the F2 layer, are essential for long-distance communication as they efficiently reflect high-frequency signals back to the Earth.

Thus, the D layer's influence diminishes at higher frequencies, which makes it less relevant when discussing the bending of paths for such signals, confirming that it would have little effect on high frequency radio wave propagation.